Selects predictors that are not linear combinations of other predictors by using computing their variance inflation factors (VIF). Allows the user to define an order of preference for the selection of predictors. Warning: variables in preference.order not in colnames(x), and non-numeric columns are removed silently from x and preference.order. The same happens with rows having NA values (na.omit() is applied). The function issues a warning if zero-variance columns are found.
Arguments
- x
A data frame with predictors or the result of
auto_cor(). Default:NULL.- preference.order
a character vector with columns names of x ordered by the user preference, Default:
NULL.- vif.threshold
Numeric between 2.5 and 10 defining the selection threshold for the VIF analysis. Higher numbers result in a more relaxed variable selection. Default: 5.
- verbose
Logical. if
TRUE, describes the function operations to the user. Default::TRUE
Value
List with three slots:
vif: data frame with the names of the selected variables and their respective VIF scores.selected.variables: character vector with the names of the selected variables.selected.variables.df: data frame with the selected variables.
Details
This function has two modes of operation:
1. When the argument
preference.orderisNULL, the function removes on each iteration the variable with the highest VIF until all VIF values are lower thanvif.threshold.2. When
preference.orderis provided, the variables are selected by giving them priority according to their order inpreference.order. If there are variables not inpreference.order, these are selected as in option 1. Once both groups of variables have been processed, all variables are put together and selected by giving priority to the ones inpreference.order. This method preserves the variables desired by the user as much as possible.
Can be chained together with auto_cor() through pipes, see the examples below.
Examples
#loading data
data(plant_richness_df)
#on a data frame
out <- auto_vif(x = plant_richness_df[, 5:21])
#> [auto_vif()]: Variables are not collinear.
#getting out the vif data frame
out$vif
#> variable vif
#> 1 human_footprint_average 4.701199
#> 2 climate_bio1_average 2.996871
#> 3 human_population_density 2.879088
#> 4 human_population 2.709401
#> 5 topography_elevation_average 1.975092
#> 6 climate_aridity_index_average 1.938247
#> 7 bias_area_km2 1.847408
#> 8 landcover_herbs_percent_average 1.742363
#> 9 climate_velocity_lgm_average 1.742296
#> 10 neighbors_percent_shared_edge 1.680098
#> 11 fragmentation_cohesion 1.537666
#> 12 bias_species_per_record 1.508060
#> 13 climate_bio15_minimum 1.483121
#> 14 neighbors_count 1.408907
#> 15 neighbors_area 1.391563
#> 16 climate_hypervolume 1.390049
#> 17 fragmentation_division 1.334247
#getting the names of the selected variables
out$selected.variables
#> [1] "bias_area_km2" "bias_species_per_record"
#> [3] "climate_aridity_index_average" "climate_hypervolume"
#> [5] "climate_velocity_lgm_average" "neighbors_count"
#> [7] "neighbors_percent_shared_edge" "human_population_density"
#> [9] "topography_elevation_average" "landcover_herbs_percent_average"
#> [11] "fragmentation_cohesion" "fragmentation_division"
#> [13] "neighbors_area" "human_population"
#> [15] "human_footprint_average" "climate_bio1_average"
#> [17] "climate_bio15_minimum"
#getting the data frame of selected variables
out$selected.variables.df
#> bias_area_km2 bias_species_per_record climate_aridity_index_average
#> 1 268444.41 0.26999949 -1.2716303854
#> 2 26658.41 0.14566151 0.0127943355
#> 3 140062.77 0.12185540 0.0507004936
#> 4 31915.27 0.16253423 -0.5790479662
#> 5 716681.87 0.24753995 -0.5103337768
#> 6 173261.40 0.42045103 -0.7553770401
#> 7 176760.37 0.29175218 -1.1868647692
#> 8 73432.58 0.01940485 0.0257830287
#> 9 53257.22 0.08605876 0.5381950568
#> 10 166117.47 0.03632843 0.1424535541
#> 11 136416.82 0.02390174 0.2369238484
#> 12 116119.48 0.11025920 0.0877228008
#> 13 985868.20 0.04898379 0.3210548085
#> 14 291595.25 0.10769125 0.3214764090
#> 15 16274.44 0.07423078 -1.3946630374
#> 16 216444.73 0.07567577 0.6115659931
#> 17 110909.70 0.03684564 0.7700712777
#> 18 283434.82 0.04206980 0.8458100231
#> 19 40894.36 0.27802890 -0.1177115899
#> 20 11322.30 0.61412535 0.3601150632
#> 21 114506.36 0.25006259 -0.8785483537
#> 22 42281.63 0.10295508 0.3984433549
#> 23 375786.61 0.32335830 -0.1843328579
#> 24 70911.47 0.08497746 0.6355599572
#> 25 50824.39 0.21235772 -0.0221485750
#> 26 62246.60 0.08324149 0.5158989394
#> 27 52636.03 0.08574403 0.3103506290
#> 28 17152.70 0.15843123 -0.0418090454
#> 29 64308.40 0.13279850 -2.9168720413
#> 30 426273.53 0.07051157 0.3979319674
#> 31 116566.89 0.20345028 0.8938363744
#> 32 29175.96 0.09106981 -0.7062446359
#> 33 13973.63 0.16720646 0.2934527589
#> 34 21339.27 0.26121225 0.1519161540
#> 35 786789.49 0.11315001 0.6397277966
#> 36 59194.75 0.06182130 0.7250634518
#> 37 21906.59 0.35031940 0.3415329605
#> 38 73237.67 0.04994119 -0.0391367701
#> 39 334353.63 0.15325452 0.5437701939
#> 40 121628.40 0.18534604 0.4122030689
#> 41 77510.82 0.06448269 -2.1793345477
#> 42 176756.95 0.07787431 0.5604486890
#> 43 719348.38 0.04488798 0.7021127167
#> 44 58854.04 0.05131881 -0.4453444785
#> 45 125090.58 0.14032163 0.7344049653
#> 46 83923.25 0.08423058 0.7522473879
#> 47 15445.86 0.36812242 0.4677542499
#> 48 18853.79 0.29858233 -0.6433317885
#> 49 82919.54 0.06419834 0.4395215193
#> 50 181485.32 0.02965135 0.0166470395
#> 51 75157.29 0.16763025 0.5594727084
#> 52 193188.18 0.05353752 0.7949625892
#> 53 104683.52 0.11631485 0.3094239178
#> 54 152131.92 0.05022552 0.1601891041
#> 55 50032.57 0.14334334 0.5377123683
#> 56 482878.52 0.10623593 0.0167118848
#> 57 36181.11 0.03739477 -0.8140530153
#> 58 30084.63 0.59342165 0.3693883735
#> 59 16869.89 0.67481884 0.5157812455
#> 60 160605.05 0.06503773 0.5521820854
#> 61 100078.95 0.12486575 0.6969731205
#> 62 13460.91 0.68321839 -0.9117364324
#> 63 110941.51 0.06913090 0.0739867172
#> 64 487149.08 0.05089913 0.7826876240
#> 65 106390.98 0.04015193 0.2176141519
#> 66 22597.10 0.18958823 0.2533395830
#> 67 229241.63 0.15333187 0.1446014534
#> 68 26050.19 0.11493021 0.4266491844
#> 69 757985.10 0.07020069 -0.3697941091
#> 70 334384.46 0.01494247 -0.3867990122
#> 71 166931.18 0.23327696 -1.5067082052
#> 72 373301.34 0.08204084 0.0617059466
#> 73 185961.88 0.19263237 0.0464329846
#> 74 298731.10 0.20122063 0.5714216350
#> 75 224486.27 0.01979116 0.9115250539
#> 76 17257.03 0.47293447 0.2487084701
#> 77 26865.37 0.27291218 0.0387301392
#> 78 24879.27 0.55532234 0.2556884292
#> 79 15909.14 0.79890311 0.6283561840
#> 80 90734.78 0.04472745 0.4055198567
#> 81 88305.00 0.38799662 -0.6931539250
#> 82 757037.38 0.08827487 0.1872645851
#> 83 19548.73 0.28145695 -0.1714685189
#> 84 35270.64 0.07085681 -0.4227367838
#> 85 19839.80 0.02362360 0.7447566727
#> 86 130340.64 0.09671376 0.5554249399
#> 87 74963.87 0.03180614 0.6888179667
#> 88 50902.51 0.16257378 0.7693491921
#> 89 77590.46 0.06542356 0.9222070025
#> 90 569723.86 0.06783180 0.4405916040
#> 91 71970.90 0.02194105 0.6516879259
#> 92 59123.00 0.22021661 0.6590095064
#> 93 36257.31 0.08695845 -0.4198317041
#> 94 92025.55 0.04638676 0.4393177330
#> 95 265071.99 0.23771800 -0.4120784979
#> 96 163311.42 0.02587693 0.0146850911
#> 97 90229.21 0.13475333 -0.1277245389
#> 98 114442.97 0.23139265 -0.5685699606
#> 99 104609.50 0.08633662 -0.3117495592
#> 100 17501.64 0.19297528 0.0370464812
#> 101 290094.13 0.01945033 0.1706746778
#> 102 200931.92 0.18995248 -1.0050311852
#> 103 110922.07 0.09314378 -1.4034835180
#> 104 254932.08 0.30469162 0.9015033641
#> 105 145701.61 0.02230898 0.6122846111
#> 106 124778.26 0.23771514 0.8205451575
#> 107 68946.45 0.09487920 0.2555899680
#> 108 76440.03 0.21906304 -0.3239321422
#> 109 229765.95 0.18060115 0.1798098843
#> 110 10010.92 0.57456979 0.0689543579
#> 111 241492.72 0.54671752 -1.1008847081
#> 112 274962.61 0.06388703 0.6113945339
#> 113 31477.42 0.20769511 0.5451430543
#> 114 73305.10 0.71480804 -2.1105199214
#> 115 215673.21 0.09930278 -0.3088407756
#> 116 153509.73 0.14485697 -0.0007581698
#> 117 132682.39 0.12455126 0.8115460835
#> 118 22752.78 0.58028042 -0.1087672761
#> 119 14281.62 0.39203114 0.3061753234
#> 120 153598.34 0.11534484 0.5166346536
#> 121 10240.73 0.10126949 -2.4633304976
#> 122 104598.33 0.10266095 -0.4799918924
#> 123 239107.65 0.06777545 0.4249585611
#> 124 46490.21 0.08789049 0.8276414851
#> 125 398565.02 0.08804738 0.4016733002
#> 126 50675.18 0.26044455 -0.6941613772
#> 127 335099.35 0.42776247 -0.5001273045
#> 128 227944.56 0.01386310 0.1464327687
#> 129 19807.93 0.11374639 0.2465550195
#> 130 342466.63 0.02489777 0.3264826300
#> 131 29810.50 0.14416602 -0.2138293278
#> 132 327663.78 0.06602536 0.5362211695
#> 133 632838.64 0.17071742 0.3806373781
#> 134 248397.75 0.11412427 -0.7114256646
#> 135 60973.49 0.12447027 0.3694941444
#> 136 58358.95 0.06582663 -0.7539304858
#> 137 302976.50 0.10009087 0.3775019380
#> 138 69494.69 0.09709195 0.1666424992
#> 139 123527.23 0.05047873 0.0357706455
#> 140 298907.95 0.13327926 0.4521612994
#> 141 521305.44 0.02613643 0.1253314251
#> 142 45693.40 0.07419323 0.7129697366
#> 143 169389.09 0.06978476 0.0549710416
#> 144 77362.26 0.09513572 0.5586387525
#> 145 183358.31 0.16146425 -1.1534573214
#> 146 164641.14 0.14280543 -1.4520045759
#> 147 48358.24 0.06551202 0.0496764093
#> 148 127338.12 0.02414603 0.9375670158
#> 149 271655.92 0.06670851 -0.2268520459
#> 150 649707.75 0.05295860 0.0721969710
#> 151 16236.75 0.13643436 0.6304868957
#> 152 318861.61 0.02446230 -0.2631613996
#> 153 67773.13 0.08065998 0.1716664597
#> 154 55752.71 0.06873748 0.4303281364
#> 155 229835.86 0.20510548 -0.5554260771
#> 156 65192.10 0.07781609 0.7291237524
#> 157 67577.15 0.22776561 -0.4670335938
#> 158 14884.66 0.05314736 -0.1955651611
#> 159 141635.20 0.29329118 0.0691110591
#> 160 109305.06 0.10559856 0.0750018125
#> 161 11560.04 0.26275885 0.0972469007
#> 162 125589.15 0.48846726 -0.1253334252
#> 163 116873.79 0.23834197 0.3257608931
#> 164 501896.63 0.03511815 0.8519563237
#> 165 412314.05 0.42612242 -0.3207501470
#> 166 49623.19 0.05020705 0.4088620060
#> 167 228323.98 0.02854364 0.1975575390
#> 168 37090.47 0.36605397 0.3457599703
#> 169 27932.26 0.07685869 0.4414814491
#> 170 23536.71 0.10101620 0.9142567282
#> 171 26312.94 0.21210012 -0.0261813061
#> 172 48880.35 0.16099913 -0.5360419966
#> 173 165302.12 0.07291034 0.0061763856
#> 174 10025.28 0.30888031 -0.1356082629
#> 175 13593.30 0.03613009 -0.1109724812
#> 176 53102.71 0.03215013 0.4766512156
#> 177 78476.17 0.07275973 0.1566620652
#> 178 1910038.90 0.06082657 0.0729462302
#> 179 69481.96 0.04904414 0.3340016081
#> 180 98540.45 0.27550048 -0.3206155949
#> 181 29268.90 0.29557545 0.0781394180
#> 182 11217.85 0.14899026 -0.3149493880
#> 183 47229.79 0.15323270 0.1908441498
#> 184 129943.65 0.01758441 -0.0667539404
#> 185 145961.14 0.18632972 -0.6099835558
#> 186 68181.45 0.45807204 0.3877561568
#> 187 14298.31 0.20107296 0.2469283918
#> 188 476153.19 0.07885289 -0.3549467172
#> 189 148381.63 0.11772211 0.6680234680
#> 190 300877.74 0.04872594 0.8623110024
#> 191 114660.15 0.20788123 0.4811214425
#> 192 148595.73 0.07228536 -0.3690220023
#> 193 45813.54 0.18408854 0.1382283165
#> 194 13251.10 0.20132639 -0.0710968473
#> 195 731320.17 0.05673555 0.5692921947
#> 196 840831.04 0.07896107 0.3862417053
#> 197 32767.31 0.35828136 -0.4693435744
#> 198 746652.79 0.20904268 -0.6898058042
#> 199 465732.15 0.06017267 -0.7233045628
#> 200 106662.99 0.09965394 -1.6891760330
#> 201 95986.15 0.33282425 -1.0211376511
#> 202 576592.95 0.15358952 0.7871354243
#> 203 32877.55 0.01937964 0.8196265989
#> 204 470048.45 0.16948112 -0.5151959064
#> 205 68245.40 0.36336873 -0.2309311978
#> 206 211479.65 0.23357809 0.7470358906
#> 207 10653.46 0.12092365 -0.2295934789
#> 208 66506.18 0.52724442 -0.7637146495
#> 209 170501.13 0.19726879 0.2224934485
#> 210 28028.20 0.45095785 -0.0533345118
#> 211 14307.56 0.07434018 0.0846075451
#> 212 65744.59 0.29032258 0.2942000602
#> 213 72779.57 0.20073350 0.6294665435
#> 214 124975.11 0.19738627 0.7965648337
#> 215 104496.10 0.22546445 -0.2064642698
#> 216 250590.94 0.09872325 -1.4581724033
#> 217 28041.08 0.14145610 -0.1982222367
#> 218 352496.62 0.15300206 0.0527244317
#> 219 104903.51 0.34090909 0.9947662383
#> 220 43381.97 0.02122595 0.4566628477
#> 221 88188.19 0.02768888 0.5187454093
#> 222 353634.69 0.20000000 0.8569302124
#> 223 89449.89 0.13358349 -0.2896702597
#> 224 37383.72 0.10816270 0.6077491849
#> 225 284264.37 0.03986717 0.0906624539
#> 226 192765.94 0.23516526 -0.4060629579
#> 227 12119.70 0.47558070 0.0716723164
#> climate_hypervolume climate_velocity_lgm_average neighbors_count
#> 1 2.239650e-02 7.6806232 10
#> 2 5.219484e-01 7.9545641 13
#> 3 3.088209e-02 6.4202598 8
#> 4 6.859878e-01 0.5746547 4
#> 5 5.199463e-02 6.5561073 10
#> 6 1.471940e-03 7.6114518 8
#> 7 4.755657e-02 8.3961746 11
#> 8 1.186010e-03 37.9671501 8
#> 9 2.486002e-01 2.6838735 8
#> 10 5.731281e-04 37.6535302 4
#> 11 1.360152e-03 55.0601368 6
#> 12 4.798443e-03 62.7009742 7
#> 13 6.171026e-02 23.0235466 3
#> 14 4.056921e-02 11.7935121 7
#> 15 8.241177e-01 0.5274273 6
#> 16 1.175105e+00 1.5773627 9
#> 17 1.449891e-01 4.6696156 5
#> 18 9.332250e-02 6.9129809 9
#> 19 3.776512e-01 7.8339734 23
#> 20 2.450408e-01 0.4032351 4
#> 21 5.258304e-02 7.9524537 7
#> 22 4.955371e-02 1.7982802 9
#> 23 2.997008e-01 7.1952532 16
#> 24 3.980607e-02 2.7210456 6
#> 25 2.548104e-03 1.6757738 2
#> 26 5.376161e-02 1.0560376 8
#> 27 1.566726e-01 3.8666826 6
#> 28 7.843993e-04 8.9568103 3
#> 29 8.078296e-01 1.4099076 5
#> 30 1.325586e-01 4.1462569 9
#> 31 1.872390e+00 2.2587633 6
#> 32 3.930844e-01 1.3665104 6
#> 33 3.191509e-02 1.5518278 5
#> 34 2.114209e-02 2.9142322 2
#> 35 9.912161e-01 11.4103047 11
#> 36 5.294801e-02 2.4012019 8
#> 37 7.344640e-02 8.2848398 7
#> 38 7.264277e-04 25.7852876 6
#> 39 9.087898e-03 14.4684577 6
#> 40 2.723404e-03 28.9009398 7
#> 41 2.694652e+00 2.7387360 8
#> 42 2.869478e-01 4.7478310 8
#> 43 5.273329e-03 46.6850410 11
#> 44 2.024683e+00 1.3813574 13
#> 45 5.914701e-03 19.7705415 8
#> 46 3.058358e-02 9.5666048 7
#> 47 4.330270e-02 1.2787333 3
#> 48 6.335399e-03 6.0470876 2
#> 49 9.680728e-05 80.1311993 4
#> 50 4.386135e-03 36.9856061 5
#> 51 7.053471e-01 1.8774854 6
#> 52 1.165888e-02 5.1583197 9
#> 53 7.999257e-02 8.5451570 5
#> 54 4.196547e-04 58.6014619 6
#> 55 3.872480e-03 4.9763463 1
#> 56 7.859365e-01 4.6102416 9
#> 57 9.414995e-01 6.4586839 5
#> 58 4.708198e-02 3.0233783 8
#> 59 9.420060e-03 1.7033245 8
#> 60 1.049060e-01 0.4238639 5
#> 61 2.462501e-02 14.7788551 7
#> 62 1.069160e+00 4.3681112 4
#> 63 2.603740e+00 0.7683399 9
#> 64 1.991279e-02 28.1584628 10
#> 65 2.671464e-04 61.3851977 5
#> 66 2.625835e-02 4.7850492 5
#> 67 1.699619e-01 4.1432822 8
#> 68 2.115294e-02 1.2765149 7
#> 69 4.265464e-02 60.8245308 5
#> 70 5.429412e-02 33.8195433 6
#> 71 1.746538e-03 8.9599178 7
#> 72 6.773818e-03 111.0010038 5
#> 73 8.810711e+00 0.6566542 8
#> 74 1.656072e-01 11.3294704 7
#> 75 1.856004e-01 7.5844658 10
#> 76 9.596344e-03 1.8280927 3
#> 77 2.137910e-04 9.4240871 4
#> 78 4.422385e-03 2.7074289 7
#> 79 1.151919e-02 2.2277816 9
#> 80 5.312340e-02 41.9176301 7
#> 81 1.239203e-02 8.8247400 7
#> 82 5.038448e-03 96.5410526 6
#> 83 2.508229e-02 1.5430420 4
#> 84 3.034455e+00 2.7938636 7
#> 85 1.358764e-01 1.4458116 7
#> 86 2.427309e-02 1.7665413 7
#> 87 1.459974e-03 25.2995853 7
#> 88 1.912472e-02 4.7851742 4
#> 89 2.507706e-02 4.3793188 4
#> 90 1.098863e-03 65.3000194 9
#> 91 4.526959e-01 2.5244488 8
#> 92 1.139500e-05 60.2972558 4
#> 93 1.120792e-04 59.3987740 1
#> 94 6.668017e-01 1.0483260 12
#> 95 1.569100e-02 5.8180473 6
#> 96 3.639902e-02 20.5050698 6
#> 97 1.548429e+00 1.5925105 10
#> 98 7.725801e-01 3.6290548 7
#> 99 4.852453e-01 3.2194331 7
#> 100 5.967099e-03 4.1849044 3
#> 101 9.070258e-03 73.9127130 8
#> 102 5.013956e-02 7.3851410 10
#> 103 2.359423e+00 2.2171874 8
#> 104 1.225876e+00 2.6013393 9
#> 105 3.561868e-01 3.5226271 4
#> 106 4.397401e+00 0.6385759 7
#> 107 2.405072e-01 4.2979852 9
#> 108 9.287463e-02 3.5938309 8
#> 109 6.701044e-02 7.9687636 7
#> 110 1.513258e-03 10.7844611 4
#> 111 3.993050e-03 8.3250137 6
#> 112 9.102071e-03 51.6964926 7
#> 113 4.573805e-02 3.1254481 7
#> 114 1.519624e+00 2.7066800 7
#> 115 5.686787e-02 3.5617280 5
#> 116 5.266148e-02 2.5880859 7
#> 117 1.935914e-02 9.4437689 8
#> 118 3.774667e-02 2.6721517 7
#> 119 5.622235e-02 0.9684745 6
#> 120 5.626160e-02 1.2778125 6
#> 121 9.332185e-02 2.0649351 23
#> 122 1.347469e+00 0.7581930 8
#> 123 6.991520e-02 3.0069566 5
#> 124 1.676049e-03 8.1374387 5
#> 125 1.555274e-02 12.2832079 3
#> 126 1.369489e+00 0.9241383 8
#> 127 8.758337e-03 5.7287818 6
#> 128 5.608676e-04 69.7016772 7
#> 129 9.143314e-05 11.4204896 2
#> 130 2.935278e-03 68.9793299 10
#> 131 7.979130e-01 0.3457548 9
#> 132 3.896602e-03 66.5743678 8
#> 133 2.870545e-03 57.3104259 5
#> 134 1.099550e+01 2.1145294 5
#> 135 2.241888e-01 0.7073146 5
#> 136 5.096445e-01 2.6761401 9
#> 137 3.765177e-02 1.9147834 7
#> 138 9.493913e-04 42.0312805 5
#> 139 2.149745e-04 52.1803117 5
#> 140 2.432379e-03 42.2270531 8
#> 141 6.274650e-02 38.5478438 11
#> 142 6.811879e-02 2.2690141 6
#> 143 5.311684e-02 2.9330674 7
#> 144 3.338295e-01 2.7978029 7
#> 145 2.038813e-02 8.9495744 9
#> 146 1.162939e+00 2.8036205 3
#> 147 9.682955e-01 0.5301029 6
#> 148 7.394961e-02 2.5834666 10
#> 149 3.264208e-03 89.3225010 5
#> 150 1.467677e-01 11.8609379 2
#> 151 2.525423e-03 4.4849380 6
#> 152 4.306057e-03 53.4883893 4
#> 153 7.674353e-01 1.8774726 13
#> 154 1.187870e-03 52.0041772 6
#> 155 9.454279e-01 3.1521723 9
#> 156 8.504699e-01 2.4287331 8
#> 157 1.929535e+00 0.6485040 14
#> 158 2.198066e-03 3.3012976 4
#> 159 1.562569e-02 7.6408802 5
#> 160 3.160985e-01 6.9848130 5
#> 161 1.207173e-01 0.6981948 3
#> 162 2.833790e-03 11.7657644 5
#> 163 1.936509e+00 0.9296468 9
#> 164 2.581637e-01 8.5365276 11
#> 165 2.875093e-02 6.8928016 5
#> 166 4.954082e-04 9.5640674 2
#> 167 2.190586e-03 71.6664821 8
#> 168 7.951201e-04 11.5345396 4
#> 169 1.889535e-05 57.8646859 3
#> 170 1.246796e-02 1.9435818 2
#> 171 1.606278e-01 2.7318296 8
#> 172 2.676865e-01 0.3341569 3
#> 173 2.273859e+00 0.8570702 10
#> 174 9.653170e-01 7.5051652 10
#> 175 2.160291e-01 1.3019959 3
#> 176 1.493072e+00 1.0771377 8
#> 177 2.428020e-03 41.9190963 4
#> 178 9.901857e-01 5.8356660 15
#> 179 2.306580e-03 8.2760100 4
#> 180 2.255065e-02 6.4977504 2
#> 181 3.847286e-01 0.5768164 9
#> 182 2.730532e-01 1.5865600 5
#> 183 1.731676e-03 1.3867414 2
#> 184 5.824422e-04 56.4209822 7
#> 185 1.322643e+00 1.7110838 8
#> 186 4.671248e-02 3.6837349 7
#> 187 4.362546e-01 0.6750060 5
#> 188 3.180099e-01 8.2409720 9
#> 189 5.258223e+00 1.6129880 4
#> 190 6.779156e-02 4.8494755 7
#> 191 9.199065e-02 6.0571316 3
#> 192 1.204921e+00 4.5188011 12
#> 193 1.830210e-01 1.9483112 3
#> 194 1.613984e+00 0.5525526 7
#> 195 5.967420e-01 5.0957915 11
#> 196 2.078033e-02 35.6693915 6
#> 197 2.629848e-03 15.6715562 1
#> 198 1.241828e+00 8.3601713 15
#> 199 1.076727e-01 31.9901825 5
#> 200 3.941271e+00 0.5863633 9
#> 201 8.951184e-02 6.7049445 10
#> 202 1.435888e+00 5.7465216 5
#> 203 1.187228e-01 2.9718212 5
#> 204 4.391312e-02 4.4451627 15
#> 205 2.377078e-01 5.6144634 6
#> 206 3.521232e+00 1.3312880 9
#> 207 4.181033e-01 1.3567629 5
#> 208 7.090328e-03 6.0215020 11
#> 209 2.491969e-03 12.3693941 4
#> 210 1.806785e-03 10.6048861 6
#> 211 1.644595e-04 62.8908724 2
#> 212 2.134371e-03 5.7830641 2
#> 213 1.120936e+00 0.9930119 6
#> 214 1.926802e-01 2.4374918 8
#> 215 5.849207e-01 5.2723418 8
#> 216 1.508174e-01 6.6792412 9
#> 217 1.447352e-02 0.9100499 4
#> 218 3.735033e-02 6.8103787 7
#> 219 1.556523e-01 2.2366045 2
#> 220 1.802544e-04 51.1296640 6
#> 221 9.893565e-04 49.7340935 8
#> 222 7.631664e-02 8.9566669 5
#> 223 6.476824e-01 2.9545694 7
#> 224 1.164431e-03 2.2650693 6
#> 225 9.464669e-01 5.1587595 12
#> 226 1.863422e-02 6.5401383 6
#> 227 2.234370e-01 0.3851318 4
#> neighbors_percent_shared_edge human_population_density
#> 1 100.000000 7.067530e+00
#> 2 56.460952 4.259089e+01
#> 3 100.000000 8.711942e-01
#> 4 35.484733 2.188202e+02
#> 5 100.000000 3.046001e+00
#> 6 100.000000 7.522835e-01
#> 7 100.000000 1.873033e+00
#> 8 47.890036 5.065112e+02
#> 9 100.000000 4.729405e+00
#> 10 100.000000 1.212703e+02
#> 11 79.858054 4.589715e+01
#> 12 46.162611 2.124766e+01
#> 13 21.635656 1.520405e-02
#> 14 100.000000 2.079175e+01
#> 15 100.000000 2.882446e+01
#> 16 100.000000 7.123975e+00
#> 17 100.000000 4.459793e+00
#> 18 100.000000 8.163856e+00
#> 19 28.090053 6.742087e+01
#> 20 83.609315 2.968182e+01
#> 21 100.000000 7.690601e+00
#> 22 71.433555 9.651158e+01
#> 23 97.158772 1.272907e+01
#> 24 100.000000 3.227589e+00
#> 25 59.046466 4.058878e-02
#> 26 95.672280 7.392678e+01
#> 27 100.000000 1.033593e+01
#> 28 90.947651 1.150540e+02
#> 29 17.201679 5.456477e-01
#> 30 97.981149 3.044629e-01
#> 31 100.000000 4.275523e+00
#> 32 49.313888 3.962770e+01
#> 33 91.808633 1.248848e+02
#> 34 62.693922 9.560473e+01
#> 35 100.000000 6.374031e+00
#> 36 100.000000 4.987920e+02
#> 37 18.330405 1.007247e+02
#> 38 100.000000 2.762885e+01
#> 39 97.919391 2.013388e-02
#> 40 99.677135 7.228611e-01
#> 41 27.036256 3.922398e+00
#> 42 100.000000 1.311148e+00
#> 43 99.958158 2.910773e+00
#> 44 100.000000 3.229504e+00
#> 45 99.674539 5.022790e+01
#> 46 100.000000 1.614909e+01
#> 47 60.111309 3.570685e+02
#> 48 90.219166 1.084878e+01
#> 49 100.000000 1.743569e+01
#> 50 100.000000 4.010347e+01
#> 51 100.000000 3.021214e+01
#> 52 94.423833 7.913527e+00
#> 53 100.000000 6.948382e-01
#> 54 100.000000 2.818651e+01
#> 55 28.153772 9.575111e-02
#> 56 99.108618 5.663170e+01
#> 57 30.873512 2.154878e+02
#> 58 91.751866 5.885775e+01
#> 59 77.280905 6.252848e+01
#> 60 100.000000 3.926267e-03
#> 61 100.000000 1.504999e+01
#> 62 17.855335 8.897122e+01
#> 63 93.349699 1.917692e+02
#> 64 100.000000 1.427195e+01
#> 65 100.000000 2.874167e+01
#> 66 88.106474 1.644764e+02
#> 67 98.717492 5.954483e+01
#> 68 71.117575 8.288679e+01
#> 69 51.257224 2.005590e-02
#> 70 37.360709 1.560602e+01
#> 71 100.000000 1.136287e+00
#> 72 53.330742 1.876627e-02
#> 73 98.254765 2.798093e+01
#> 74 85.462569 1.586956e+01
#> 75 81.747619 4.780863e+01
#> 76 100.000000 3.677608e-04
#> 77 100.000000 2.202166e+01
#> 78 54.079237 8.452252e+01
#> 79 72.639195 7.806738e+01
#> 80 28.977441 1.242393e+02
#> 81 51.263265 6.594613e+00
#> 82 89.205757 1.493618e-01
#> 83 100.000000 8.694285e+01
#> 84 100.000000 2.136828e+00
#> 85 100.000000 8.846508e+00
#> 86 76.172965 8.267559e-03
#> 87 100.000000 2.108700e+01
#> 88 85.990476 3.481450e+01
#> 89 39.204502 3.333339e+00
#> 90 99.155769 1.498040e+00
#> 91 81.957206 1.236311e+02
#> 92 100.000000 4.334093e-01
#> 93 36.962840 1.671226e+01
#> 94 93.055881 1.796076e+02
#> 95 99.629791 5.000605e+00
#> 96 99.997176 6.981453e+01
#> 97 100.000000 1.144777e+01
#> 98 91.678333 9.626972e+00
#> 99 64.252108 4.392674e+02
#> 100 82.902803 1.664921e+02
#> 101 46.953376 6.461091e+00
#> 102 100.000000 1.306479e+00
#> 103 57.126695 7.768423e-01
#> 104 99.394156 4.993488e+00
#> 105 100.000000 4.260417e+00
#> 106 100.000000 5.498843e+00
#> 107 67.520028 7.888139e+01
#> 108 80.436178 7.661486e+01
#> 109 100.000000 1.347130e+01
#> 110 65.606223 4.133825e+01
#> 111 100.000000 6.382281e-01
#> 112 100.000000 1.373903e+01
#> 113 56.361946 2.479114e+02
#> 114 22.231819 1.919390e+01
#> 115 100.000000 4.818734e+01
#> 116 40.539482 1.611343e-01
#> 117 100.000000 2.102444e+00
#> 118 100.000000 5.942114e+01
#> 119 83.798500 2.896548e+02
#> 120 100.000000 2.187584e-02
#> 121 0.000000 1.578123e-01
#> 122 99.127699 1.813736e+02
#> 123 100.000000 1.601787e-01
#> 124 100.000000 1.534856e+02
#> 125 67.539599 5.761758e+01
#> 126 100.000000 1.214838e+00
#> 127 89.372703 2.239847e+00
#> 128 66.109439 1.409953e+02
#> 129 64.859911 2.982786e+02
#> 130 100.000000 2.917443e+01
#> 131 35.512378 2.305509e+02
#> 132 99.940243 1.052649e+01
#> 133 99.834869 3.574383e-02
#> 134 27.842925 3.137796e+01
#> 135 99.582917 2.967977e+01
#> 136 68.953038 5.359414e+01
#> 137 99.976848 3.160847e-03
#> 138 100.000000 2.172091e+01
#> 139 100.000000 6.499304e+01
#> 140 97.123166 6.194832e-02
#> 141 48.706059 6.627537e+01
#> 142 100.000000 4.508029e+00
#> 143 100.000000 1.322723e-02
#> 144 92.443921 4.653894e+01
#> 145 100.000000 2.269284e+00
#> 146 7.224949 1.676934e+00
#> 147 99.958215 9.972716e+00
#> 148 93.946187 3.346515e+01
#> 149 93.904595 8.820671e-01
#> 150 14.330323 1.108052e-03
#> 151 100.000000 2.973103e+02
#> 152 69.391509 5.170538e+00
#> 153 76.443205 1.377583e+02
#> 154 100.000000 2.101300e+01
#> 155 100.000000 1.018963e+00
#> 156 98.360470 1.534948e+01
#> 157 99.685311 5.101807e+01
#> 158 100.000000 2.345406e+02
#> 159 90.144386 4.105283e+01
#> 160 76.359301 8.035592e+01
#> 161 100.000000 1.249371e+02
#> 162 100.000000 1.635107e+00
#> 163 70.173930 4.307912e+01
#> 164 100.000000 1.815449e+01
#> 165 100.000000 5.433341e+00
#> 166 93.642632 5.341375e+01
#> 167 92.241084 9.262330e+01
#> 168 91.641201 3.025749e+01
#> 169 100.000000 9.909972e+00
#> 170 32.358343 8.848558e+00
#> 171 100.000000 2.881512e+01
#> 172 17.244726 4.372660e-02
#> 173 93.908132 9.965068e-03
#> 174 52.791015 5.969123e+02
#> 175 48.265006 1.855268e+01
#> 176 99.755742 7.742036e+00
#> 177 16.180265 8.038380e+01
#> 178 100.000000 1.715315e+01
#> 179 87.466962 2.839292e+01
#> 180 13.177519 1.083532e-02
#> 181 72.850425 8.968644e+01
#> 182 98.370972 1.986174e+02
#> 183 40.304654 4.533693e-02
#> 184 54.253530 1.182659e+02
#> 185 100.000000 1.108341e+00
#> 186 80.902555 1.347193e+02
#> 187 61.911498 4.858257e+01
#> 188 86.851609 3.933153e+00
#> 189 67.734432 7.597569e+01
#> 190 49.132583 1.265277e+01
#> 191 100.000000 1.194199e+01
#> 192 45.941255 5.123836e+01
#> 193 71.005389 3.679823e+02
#> 194 96.256414 2.131328e+02
#> 195 87.896707 3.324914e+01
#> 196 36.322246 7.423257e-03
#> 197 26.803337 0.000000e+00
#> 198 100.000000 3.601608e+00
#> 199 35.217640 1.487254e+00
#> 200 88.840479 4.825528e-01
#> 201 100.000000 2.492766e-01
#> 202 47.975169 1.714906e+00
#> 203 44.619467 7.098489e+02
#> 204 89.511057 2.998363e+00
#> 205 100.000000 2.918352e+01
#> 206 85.549384 1.168993e+01
#> 207 76.319498 3.168092e+02
#> 208 100.000000 1.350252e+01
#> 209 100.000000 6.497704e-01
#> 210 68.720367 1.052827e+01
#> 211 12.582207 3.720353e+02
#> 212 58.261691 1.107164e+02
#> 213 100.000000 2.938660e+01
#> 214 100.000000 2.444324e+01
#> 215 99.092943 1.125493e+01
#> 216 74.059249 6.430645e+00
#> 217 60.183899 1.061018e+01
#> 218 58.111737 2.658240e+01
#> 219 67.527633 8.751989e+00
#> 220 100.000000 2.135995e+02
#> 221 100.000000 5.060978e+01
#> 222 84.329711 9.602440e+00
#> 223 90.095776 4.540722e+01
#> 224 100.000000 3.924926e+02
#> 225 99.991520 4.306678e+00
#> 226 81.609567 3.195127e+01
#> 227 66.256650 3.523771e+01
#> topography_elevation_average landcover_herbs_percent_average
#> 1 86.807776 16.223727
#> 2 6.921187 53.902069
#> 3 1130.220919 42.666303
#> 4 1872.903223 54.366171
#> 5 166.793692 28.215720
#> 6 86.900413 18.407895
#> 7 94.542140 20.600124
#> 8 112.525613 56.489695
#> 9 1391.061536 62.700565
#> 10 206.654638 49.474901
#> 11 323.807573 77.224421
#> 12 43.289214 73.989377
#> 13 167.332634 40.315397
#> 14 81.805806 72.810742
#> 15 1427.258150 35.517388
#> 16 1960.057489 63.888319
#> 17 1953.796170 61.768554
#> 18 1851.540445 37.249677
#> 19 13.738971 50.028764
#> 20 1656.908162 63.942104
#> 21 151.264076 27.676222
#> 22 416.363372 64.302555
#> 23 123.679576 74.070689
#> 24 1304.555442 64.305894
#> 25 276.290219 81.846928
#> 26 953.071280 72.524579
#> 27 1263.323768 43.438245
#> 28 8.300990 69.398841
#> 29 310.213494 43.770957
#> 30 242.010711 66.533053
#> 31 1823.716223 29.906909
#> 32 325.770016 60.368046
#> 33 766.871374 65.693063
#> 34 251.476334 52.783377
#> 35 326.333547 67.980252
#> 36 2072.633318 71.004532
#> 37 14.555056 54.094062
#> 38 476.299492 43.271390
#> 39 249.406218 66.245434
#> 40 952.472208 36.707208
#> 41 344.643460 31.566829
#> 42 2132.247390 53.647310
#> 43 819.644191 67.932441
#> 44 1136.259566 39.722377
#> 45 236.795181 75.395633
#> 46 556.718908 69.311372
#> 47 214.777784 76.961496
#> 48 38.364995 54.986621
#> 49 290.207137 83.433097
#> 50 406.215055 43.163970
#> 51 1400.711360 53.383362
#> 52 1513.394963 60.364016
#> 53 1174.347204 38.004164
#> 54 83.554790 50.729569
#> 55 26.585972 59.738709
#> 56 429.299878 73.724332
#> 57 299.532230 41.638979
#> 58 182.752980 75.410475
#> 59 324.575715 68.496561
#> 60 880.363960 67.526109
#> 61 1514.582581 67.828733
#> 62 29.392918 53.089510
#> 63 1121.490981 57.483125
#> 64 1229.114121 66.581238
#> 65 293.437454 61.188520
#> 66 256.716646 80.472969
#> 67 594.561331 74.394381
#> 68 545.626216 60.613297
#> 69 376.503686 62.432911
#> 70 292.555312 34.985835
#> 71 136.602865 18.587478
#> 72 96.994227 59.384914
#> 73 2653.006651 54.849530
#> 74 198.044156 82.295192
#> 75 411.447760 38.349602
#> 76 662.364598 57.657038
#> 77 83.398369 70.693828
#> 78 169.631311 68.658014
#> 79 345.817787 67.124302
#> 80 26.409161 76.536511
#> 81 14.884765 44.547668
#> 82 326.590150 41.295951
#> 83 615.295450 71.880229
#> 84 1225.736451 43.170983
#> 85 1346.570575 62.939805
#> 86 229.551619 78.007689
#> 87 594.849297 74.128244
#> 88 398.791333 74.834136
#> 89 325.747121 35.983140
#> 90 522.498575 48.826853
#> 91 396.387591 73.477563
#> 92 938.169881 76.897389
#> 93 65.694197 39.755361
#> 94 2079.711785 65.145999
#> 95 202.521090 41.568492
#> 96 488.306681 46.886506
#> 97 1348.426618 30.450911
#> 98 572.978624 27.822596
#> 99 492.573690 54.003960
#> 100 176.099004 81.276839
#> 101 369.553757 45.220639
#> 102 134.934348 18.382454
#> 103 945.159762 47.227986
#> 104 4003.668454 16.009346
#> 105 2693.598732 59.213555
#> 106 3574.737972 9.788206
#> 107 234.900109 71.759848
#> 108 85.577510 67.305529
#> 109 302.762288 47.712284
#> 110 33.475637 68.244339
#> 111 108.954964 16.621421
#> 112 540.872263 81.779956
#> 113 100.237588 69.824155
#> 114 152.824062 41.397078
#> 115 803.474007 60.375641
#> 116 54.113890 73.462976
#> 117 1967.815285 41.769796
#> 118 210.888034 59.152323
#> 119 763.458671 46.558523
#> 120 727.694170 68.189082
#> 121 214.412772 30.326842
#> 122 1657.216280 52.065505
#> 123 1045.682615 54.695946
#> 124 72.648107 84.716798
#> 125 102.048222 92.355817
#> 126 1034.723608 24.006604
#> 127 229.041039 26.627081
#> 128 262.918560 83.846355
#> 129 7.094958 71.621534
#> 130 322.786356 91.709020
#> 131 3636.370113 64.043536
#> 132 570.836565 81.771502
#> 133 326.176512 62.403529
#> 134 811.129283 43.082973
#> 135 1569.788168 56.958721
#> 136 181.704771 50.583838
#> 137 1048.267275 65.536283
#> 138 259.489274 57.921241
#> 139 225.393611 64.882793
#> 140 425.184114 45.744428
#> 141 72.052453 58.038238
#> 142 2447.768514 64.571150
#> 143 1340.588616 56.167993
#> 144 541.474772 67.019423
#> 145 215.549196 20.943629
#> 146 407.923024 44.920689
#> 147 924.198425 48.670083
#> 148 926.776061 20.867858
#> 149 328.857383 44.654624
#> 150 470.263321 4.820302
#> 151 431.001386 76.703833
#> 152 371.703302 34.912593
#> 153 245.578560 70.432567
#> 154 119.191348 77.368784
#> 155 278.685254 22.742541
#> 156 1659.837971 63.792249
#> 157 1496.231544 46.637674
#> 158 142.567219 60.925732
#> 159 126.137710 66.429928
#> 160 262.120861 69.533072
#> 161 1169.204880 60.816085
#> 162 158.934782 63.077796
#> 163 4229.852154 70.181556
#> 164 1280.735160 42.949589
#> 165 311.301137 43.731679
#> 166 40.186972 38.357707
#> 167 196.062950 85.637194
#> 168 21.847969 60.656102
#> 169 387.156367 87.238996
#> 170 300.494090 46.857240
#> 171 1109.703572 69.141449
#> 172 373.292649 65.352705
#> 173 1249.825644 51.911361
#> 174 25.768493 57.730952
#> 175 339.481799 36.052634
#> 176 1909.824885 55.761632
#> 177 15.538292 54.897581
#> 178 512.292277 72.896078
#> 179 81.721458 27.444015
#> 180 699.275867 5.645067
#> 181 1354.988225 52.295420
#> 182 633.570344 51.540923
#> 183 193.061226 83.549100
#> 184 177.800821 70.670238
#> 185 615.007820 22.218280
#> 186 279.971936 65.215846
#> 187 1653.250343 53.273679
#> 188 168.116145 24.695108
#> 189 979.999842 45.280954
#> 190 1693.160799 39.428036
#> 191 554.033677 65.916986
#> 192 253.639729 52.818969
#> 193 296.026644 69.830134
#> 194 1648.818579 43.030029
#> 195 413.533995 76.223722
#> 196 218.996969 68.286950
#> 197 505.306056 53.488446
#> 198 262.359189 23.682543
#> 199 360.418078 47.021021
#> 200 999.870399 40.903057
#> 201 81.925253 23.671691
#> 202 649.910288 40.548283
#> 203 513.021334 66.960796
#> 204 175.390505 21.720816
#> 205 188.010657 69.384524
#> 206 3947.040296 37.187625
#> 207 593.402722 57.300664
#> 208 44.274583 29.477067
#> 209 132.302737 68.143937
#> 210 16.252935 32.713874
#> 211 25.563751 59.246681
#> 212 69.605866 72.563137
#> 213 2616.203894 63.395172
#> 214 1795.817785 55.389720
#> 215 322.017658 61.203098
#> 216 229.477576 23.746467
#> 217 188.827314 59.579384
#> 218 145.913351 79.929910
#> 219 1707.400839 1.738489
#> 220 161.354999 82.794221
#> 221 312.204542 78.700863
#> 222 426.610552 51.738032
#> 223 295.387069 45.995509
#> 224 1784.874049 83.387448
#> 225 1480.667143 45.886969
#> 226 92.504120 52.278769
#> 227 3628.005382 67.324923
#> fragmentation_cohesion fragmentation_division neighbors_area
#> 1 99.81169 0.9195281 2005112.54
#> 2 92.40274 0.9999953 720242.40
#> 3 99.68820 0.9690934 15661626.94
#> 4 99.34487 0.9649031 284153.95
#> 5 99.89918 0.8698819 4646036.58
#> 6 99.73477 0.9294914 2801093.14
#> 7 98.77533 0.9975155 3024412.30
#> 8 99.40405 0.9848386 1481083.84
#> 9 99.35702 0.9954807 844486.27
#> 10 99.76279 0.9281112 836525.61
#> 11 99.56957 0.9315911 1499412.63
#> 12 99.58914 0.9838775 1291909.02
#> 13 99.54499 0.9892298 1589079.24
#> 14 99.85055 0.8138679 3712894.98
#> 15 97.83302 0.9970327 206080.82
#> 16 99.37204 0.9926774 1194276.99
#> 17 99.24691 0.9771817 1624304.92
#> 18 99.83225 0.9042274 2076734.94
#> 19 95.19204 0.9999976 3157350.28
#> 20 98.76852 0.9848927 429398.35
#> 21 98.52009 0.9981487 1814601.53
#> 22 99.37682 0.9788974 516070.43
#> 23 99.84626 0.8862033 1665982.23
#> 24 99.75652 0.7858627 850244.00
#> 25 99.64497 0.7483971 579783.26
#> 26 99.47509 0.9294630 480803.37
#> 27 99.54863 0.9449946 14813416.49
#> 28 99.52070 0.7740563 244736.10
#> 29 96.97547 0.9999309 14455447.87
#> 30 99.84300 0.9427136 15358739.20
#> 31 99.67934 0.9003499 1806771.46
#> 32 99.27264 0.9658453 193179.30
#> 33 99.32924 0.8642782 326287.82
#> 34 94.81189 0.9996497 87651.18
#> 35 99.94470 0.6735879 2657093.52
#> 36 99.57147 0.9214292 744576.52
#> 37 86.00395 0.9999993 701016.68
#> 38 99.79060 0.7342025 1110501.99
#> 39 99.81371 0.9543684 2366499.81
#> 40 99.40767 0.9942206 1890090.77
#> 41 98.44816 0.9997904 453764.82
#> 42 99.17865 0.9829917 1630090.38
#> 43 99.89220 0.9125979 2900573.23
#> 44 99.06819 0.9978871 1085927.14
#> 45 99.71949 0.9291075 917105.26
#> 46 99.53231 0.9535070 731950.72
#> 47 98.02964 0.9925530 79280.17
#> 48 98.54423 0.9494544 116108.31
#> 49 99.56517 0.9791690 1323898.58
#> 50 99.67876 0.9645814 1109326.31
#> 51 98.66803 0.9934876 1532776.90
#> 52 99.81755 0.8654219 992214.87
#> 53 99.64991 0.9619620 14782237.87
#> 54 99.77461 0.8683826 463671.81
#> 55 99.27430 0.9904338 130340.64
#> 56 99.60984 0.9825771 3166858.71
#> 57 98.47788 0.9972594 297442.23
#> 58 99.49470 0.8950205 254560.14
#> 59 99.58354 0.7119329 602434.91
#> 60 99.67357 0.9854920 1347542.64
#> 61 99.29200 0.9959770 1955532.44
#> 62 93.14315 0.9999718 177114.46
#> 63 99.56969 0.9695022 455555.37
#> 64 99.84460 0.9558625 2368215.13
#> 65 99.79881 0.7945947 1277710.23
#> 66 97.71724 0.9962918 1097393.78
#> 67 99.71120 0.9465783 3397087.48
#> 68 99.23983 0.9569789 588717.98
#> 69 99.88603 0.7492328 1984287.75
#> 70 99.61137 0.9451620 941914.76
#> 71 99.79243 0.8577625 1981805.90
#> 72 99.82714 0.9051219 3260348.07
#> 73 99.48298 0.9898475 1417626.78
#> 74 99.71591 0.9560106 2247036.91
#> 75 99.76361 0.9526807 1444771.04
#> 76 99.09423 0.9722094 14466317.75
#> 77 99.59990 0.7925804 1425701.50
#> 78 99.20278 0.9004450 411513.19
#> 79 99.16748 0.9452781 629597.66
#> 80 99.46369 0.9835389 577659.84
#> 81 99.02131 0.9774976 1884529.37
#> 82 99.89609 0.9009586 2436521.84
#> 83 99.25299 0.9405592 278426.01
#> 84 99.56211 0.8712993 680038.09
#> 85 97.60431 0.9994571 633856.22
#> 86 99.61738 0.9894018 2268582.04
#> 87 99.65664 0.7657840 1576421.76
#> 88 99.38262 0.9847520 1020189.90
#> 89 99.43318 0.9942449 300740.34
#> 90 99.86912 0.9334593 3021926.71
#> 91 99.49286 0.9925438 400453.99
#> 92 99.51649 0.8117024 1823926.71
#> 93 98.86093 0.9765581 334384.46
#> 94 99.21455 0.9581354 961663.44
#> 95 99.83067 0.8066265 3408571.69
#> 96 99.67999 0.9779131 1349962.93
#> 97 99.66855 0.9356140 2805981.64
#> 98 99.66899 0.9446868 1438027.77
#> 99 99.54247 0.9790007 3226667.10
#> 100 98.87447 0.9332173 763942.56
#> 101 99.75009 0.8814828 2451171.41
#> 102 99.77377 0.9391724 1954847.68
#> 103 99.50866 0.9952759 14747360.52
#> 104 99.80754 0.8992905 1061149.80
#> 105 99.66643 0.9744772 1622614.67
#> 106 99.53006 0.9806694 1909985.64
#> 107 99.53687 0.9557747 748703.77
#> 108 99.69275 0.8586727 394195.63
#> 109 99.82666 0.8564497 4546482.53
#> 110 97.87171 0.9735927 923875.01
#> 111 99.70777 0.8603625 1598556.32
#> 112 99.76932 0.9751424 1799171.41
#> 113 98.81036 0.9827256 323557.71
#> 114 99.57014 0.9535275 277538.43
#> 115 99.83142 0.7342592 2860048.83
#> 116 98.89558 0.9961376 1022449.15
#> 117 99.74932 0.9093476 2151351.36
#> 118 98.52049 0.9820989 313211.78
#> 119 95.56858 0.9954648 545669.65
#> 120 98.94433 0.9953173 1447774.58
#> 121 98.55615 0.9918986 3261312.83
#> 122 99.67122 0.9427625 523514.68
#> 123 99.78082 0.9532083 1090174.01
#> 124 99.30429 0.9956056 331105.58
#> 125 99.84340 0.7489277 688318.19
#> 126 95.95524 0.9996739 2099199.41
#> 127 99.89576 0.7612131 2018927.53
#> 128 99.81799 0.8810807 1163028.79
#> 129 99.11402 0.9147829 543212.03
#> 130 99.82373 0.9430371 2037844.68
#> 131 94.60604 0.9999619 1021652.17
#> 132 99.75079 0.9858548 2356846.96
#> 133 99.87796 0.9295357 2604431.34
#> 134 99.57992 0.9815997 15208746.62
#> 135 98.85341 0.9780280 236902.27
#> 136 99.43973 0.9816404 437692.82
#> 137 99.81402 0.9428166 1743186.78
#> 138 99.80773 0.6460693 805297.20
#> 139 99.72030 0.9214613 1275178.78
#> 140 99.84097 0.8963208 3127055.16
#> 141 99.80853 0.9671479 1278899.13
#> 142 99.27174 0.9913824 1214278.19
#> 143 99.71007 0.9717949 15266024.52
#> 144 99.50551 0.9876414 606976.55
#> 145 99.86554 0.7058560 1671254.13
#> 146 99.36873 0.9887008 15019343.34
#> 147 99.39954 0.9859637 290070.94
#> 148 99.77535 0.8559811 1189683.11
#> 149 99.85298 0.8405735 2672917.58
#> 150 99.23596 0.9979058 1084408.65
#> 151 98.22297 0.9885798 976835.65
#> 152 99.89779 0.7142064 1157425.84
#> 153 98.60723 0.9989190 505514.26
#> 154 99.44156 0.9862500 574491.31
#> 155 99.59377 0.9494232 2188483.14
#> 156 96.57110 0.9998402 1475514.89
#> 157 99.47809 0.9883294 1287736.22
#> 158 99.05210 0.9671479 220904.22
#> 159 99.83920 0.7258767 2885030.29
#> 160 99.68513 0.8913870 1019497.12
#> 161 97.42673 0.9823324 83165.99
#> 162 99.37588 0.9386447 1849835.99
#> 163 99.23849 0.9960424 1699920.15
#> 164 99.85957 0.8961970 1779785.53
#> 165 99.57072 0.9396729 3419658.05
#> 166 99.48390 0.8427945 96140.37
#> 167 99.79986 0.9248601 1864265.27
#> 168 99.27546 0.9913425 1341387.99
#> 169 99.32194 0.9637490 705617.44
#> 170 98.66142 0.9988294 302076.73
#> 171 94.84672 0.9998435 3692079.22
#> 172 98.47448 0.9971803 383120.25
#> 173 99.65551 0.9835989 15537072.42
#> 174 90.63965 0.9999993 1949450.70
#> 175 97.96733 0.9997282 197839.96
#> 176 99.36943 0.9942542 871816.21
#> 177 98.91227 0.9944329 775163.05
#> 178 99.91341 0.8737406 4325027.51
#> 179 99.43207 0.9181178 242030.04
#> 180 99.49853 0.9793082 1635575.95
#> 181 99.44926 0.9148179 706301.42
#> 182 98.77870 0.9835728 248221.00
#> 183 99.23681 0.9811233 579783.26
#> 184 99.58122 0.9819223 1783687.16
#> 185 99.22324 0.9943071 2003913.45
#> 186 99.71375 0.8350377 521038.71
#> 187 98.66487 0.9670825 406123.00
#> 188 99.90019 0.8136324 1534030.89
#> 189 99.60479 0.9934767 733011.59
#> 190 99.86340 0.8443885 814868.49
#> 191 99.26117 0.9836587 2667672.01
#> 192 99.76374 0.9032843 620707.74
#> 193 99.19144 0.9420722 48912.49
#> 194 88.73768 0.9998357 468610.15
#> 195 99.90672 0.7794958 2632223.19
#> 196 99.70924 0.9911208 3214687.55
#> 197 99.43453 0.9211410 757985.10
#> 198 99.89474 0.9005791 3556383.46
#> 199 99.71952 0.9316662 1812830.74
#> 200 98.76137 0.9992997 14967146.01
#> 201 97.67338 0.9982996 1897017.91
#> 202 99.67925 0.9870045 15085804.47
#> 203 98.73954 0.9989446 521225.55
#> 204 99.90536 0.7804032 3258304.09
#> 205 99.28819 0.9877624 886733.39
#> 206 99.52350 0.9967386 1824068.47
#> 207 97.20513 0.9892546 282523.99
#> 208 97.57934 0.9996491 3550948.57
#> 209 99.54300 0.9150503 3218189.60
#> 210 99.10201 0.9946475 992167.12
#> 211 97.03701 0.9938494 151908.75
#> 212 99.31200 0.9907918 43245.86
#> 213 98.88795 0.9946413 1535461.51
#> 214 99.62510 0.9122479 1097299.22
#> 215 99.21922 0.9930444 1597859.33
#> 216 99.87852 0.7110089 1704637.96
#> 217 99.04032 0.8988035 14530626.15
#> 218 99.91612 0.6453289 1564413.19
#> 219 99.70629 0.9235724 403313.71
#> 220 99.08213 0.9894190 586862.05
#> 221 99.56419 0.9842294 1041086.65
#> 222 99.82216 0.9503439 1903458.70
#> 223 99.48185 0.9440337 444432.62
#> 224 99.65177 0.8045017 533324.08
#> 225 99.78085 0.9664099 2502688.00
#> 226 99.90344 0.5843230 2858259.50
#> 227 96.31311 0.9991420 428600.94
#> human_population human_footprint_average climate_bio1_average
#> 1 1.897239e+06 0.43050562 251.058159
#> 2 1.135405e+06 8.30184948 261.088702
#> 3 1.220219e+05 0.56878858 11.585656
#> 4 6.983708e+06 11.98069271 173.214276
#> 5 2.183013e+06 1.97401171 251.829741
#> 6 1.303417e+05 0.65389916 255.799478
#> 7 3.310779e+05 0.92165234 251.915887
#> 8 3.719442e+07 28.26228982 112.201395
#> 9 2.518750e+05 2.56885448 78.540954
#> 10 2.014511e+07 14.37698121 158.650174
#> 11 6.261143e+06 11.36129677 72.695706
#> 12 2.467267e+06 9.22961011 179.081263
#> 13 1.498919e+04 0.47217813 -134.706787
#> 14 6.062774e+06 6.46995075 220.723017
#> 15 4.691020e+05 6.13485359 181.219435
#> 16 1.541947e+06 4.26218834 153.292485
#> 17 4.946343e+05 3.12044314 122.225859
#> 18 2.313921e+06 4.30170310 110.584753
#> 19 2.757133e+06 10.45467584 267.300474
#> 20 3.360665e+05 6.51182699 189.136067
#> 21 8.806227e+05 1.92240929 251.829835
#> 22 4.080667e+06 8.67933698 251.133734
#> 23 4.783413e+06 4.75231432 261.746510
#> 24 2.288731e+05 2.68529072 74.600647
#> 25 2.062900e+03 0.20245129 -8.115295
#> 26 4.601690e+06 7.99488696 233.662145
#> 27 5.440425e+05 3.02537975 41.776835
#> 28 1.973487e+06 10.49514844 264.542892
#> 29 3.508973e+04 4.68370847 44.655226
#> 30 1.297845e+05 0.34274798 -28.648544
#> 31 4.983844e+05 2.67631675 129.071520
#> 32 1.156176e+06 10.03964309 246.125307
#> 33 1.745094e+06 9.45593137 231.484755
#> 34 2.040136e+06 10.08514299 243.604527
#> 35 5.015021e+06 4.25518205 218.754541
#> 36 2.952586e+07 12.67014231 173.312160
#> 37 2.206535e+06 13.38939411 255.699244
#> 38 2.023472e+06 10.16230330 85.103769
#> 39 6.731835e+03 0.34365947 -57.821855
#> 40 8.792044e+04 1.20746922 17.087626
#> 41 3.040283e+05 4.34137169 90.053917
#> 42 2.317546e+05 1.75696935 34.566214
#> 43 2.093860e+06 3.87165128 64.329480
#> 44 1.900694e+05 2.70316025 77.016613
#> 45 6.283038e+06 6.72936361 227.471558
#> 46 1.355284e+06 6.47244739 105.793717
#> 47 5.515229e+06 14.04171745 254.351856
#> 48 2.045406e+05 5.24920249 260.161882
#> 49 1.445760e+06 6.57230045 42.787851
#> 50 7.278191e+06 11.36397859 122.314356
#> 51 2.270662e+06 5.98043049 167.199103
#> 52 1.528800e+06 4.81805612 88.191015
#> 53 7.273811e+04 0.63073390 32.445806
#> 54 4.288067e+06 8.35245965 188.578718
#> 55 4.790674e+03 1.36498631 -104.740903
#> 56 2.734623e+07 11.59696727 219.295097
#> 57 7.796587e+06 14.65428895 96.385027
#> 58 1.770714e+06 10.66339906 271.879485
#> 59 1.054849e+06 7.18741900 252.877280
#> 60 6.305783e+02 0.06408585 -106.207170
#> 61 1.506187e+06 5.20922021 55.869183
#> 62 1.197634e+06 12.39692143 253.621388
#> 63 2.127516e+07 9.81222201 206.820161
#> 64 6.952567e+06 5.36915298 130.312802
#> 65 3.057854e+06 7.66089016 138.594952
#> 66 3.716691e+06 14.08591813 249.530713
#> 67 1.365015e+07 10.48690218 223.824213
#> 68 2.159217e+06 8.42982199 237.522731
#> 69 1.520207e+04 0.15300568 -34.768511
#> 70 5.218411e+06 6.49650276 55.721258
#> 71 1.896817e+05 0.51577177 246.108172
#> 72 7.005472e+03 0.16939711 -20.962664
#> 73 5.203387e+06 5.59076666 133.778689
#> 74 4.740731e+06 7.38708717 169.533055
#> 75 1.073238e+07 6.46528262 229.070112
#> 76 6.346459e+00 0.70073458 -13.076175
#> 77 5.916199e+05 7.51694081 207.116632
#> 78 2.102859e+06 11.27256379 265.053780
#> 79 1.241985e+06 9.87279948 260.675505
#> 80 1.127282e+07 11.83072849 219.703483
#> 81 5.823373e+05 2.85363054 265.129408
#> 82 1.130725e+05 0.26017906 -6.362424
#> 83 1.699623e+06 11.90925384 245.018665
#> 84 7.536731e+04 2.28690948 49.500065
#> 85 1.755130e+05 5.32482999 127.665024
#> 86 1.077599e+03 0.31399979 -94.891560
#> 87 1.580763e+06 5.86131998 189.873511
#> 88 1.772146e+06 8.13339310 222.063802
#> 89 2.586353e+05 3.81845659 214.382286
#> 90 8.534690e+05 1.90524505 14.909221
#> 91 8.897840e+06 9.05145625 152.016358
#> 92 2.562446e+04 4.53820239 93.282112
#> 93 6.059415e+05 8.86400716 56.568891
#> 94 1.652849e+07 9.91334492 165.427079
#> 95 1.325520e+06 2.86443200 255.524924
#> 96 1.140151e+07 12.89011012 123.856026
#> 97 1.032923e+06 3.80353491 196.805854
#> 98 1.101739e+06 2.58950972 237.616502
#> 99 4.595154e+07 13.08924497 204.013392
#> 100 2.913885e+06 14.60535313 252.637617
#> 101 1.874325e+06 4.30661737 46.528053
#> 102 2.625134e+05 0.38987463 245.993394
#> 103 8.616896e+04 1.14071057 38.795060
#> 104 1.273000e+06 2.57222838 47.369578
#> 105 6.207496e+05 3.55749955 40.172970
#> 106 6.861361e+05 2.41523821 18.626833
#> 107 5.438592e+06 8.76391315 239.552741
#> 108 5.856442e+06 10.29403750 265.391957
#> 109 3.095245e+06 4.23226846 245.529794
#> 110 4.138338e+05 7.57035862 275.545334
#> 111 1.541275e+05 0.63258727 252.050928
#> 112 3.777720e+06 8.10527685 139.229489
#> 113 7.803611e+06 12.13557851 269.794099
#> 114 1.407011e+06 4.24115949 254.341855
#> 115 1.039272e+07 9.25191587 178.865157
#> 116 2.473568e+04 1.23290235 -2.197715
#> 117 2.789573e+05 4.37297645 63.449575
#> 118 1.351996e+06 9.03366778 265.847603
#> 119 4.136740e+06 10.68898080 226.273855
#> 120 3.360092e+03 0.23154771 -47.435511
#> 121 1.616114e+03 3.34106083 75.954686
#> 122 1.897138e+07 9.89343561 184.531975
#> 123 3.829995e+04 0.30907675 -27.164099
#> 124 7.135578e+06 13.17825578 183.024353
#> 125 2.296435e+07 10.51250719 157.876145
#> 126 6.156216e+04 0.34260411 207.932007
#> 127 7.505714e+05 0.87818838 249.394779
#> 128 3.213912e+07 19.97334779 100.589190
#> 129 5.908281e+06 10.88938657 237.310767
#> 130 9.991268e+06 9.40053545 105.143984
#> 131 6.872837e+06 7.08170915 77.302877
#> 132 3.449150e+06 5.62349648 40.225722
#> 133 2.262008e+04 0.18202833 -63.044780
#> 134 7.794216e+06 5.29068942 82.081782
#> 135 1.809679e+06 5.71096795 190.112599
#> 136 3.127698e+06 9.46195773 253.140353
#> 137 9.576623e+02 0.04241907 -61.006547
#> 138 1.509488e+06 7.15060455 159.208258
#> 139 8.028410e+06 11.96846193 142.062631
#> 140 1.851685e+04 0.38922038 -13.521900
#> 141 3.454971e+07 11.01534010 184.214341
#> 142 2.059872e+05 4.12248322 50.711192
#> 143 2.240549e+03 0.16207103 -22.247245
#> 144 3.600358e+06 6.81825304 228.276482
#> 145 4.160921e+05 0.88790534 241.536609
#> 146 2.760923e+05 5.90634939 45.894294
#> 147 4.822630e+05 3.50808647 99.690352
#> 148 4.261389e+06 4.24045514 185.103094
#> 149 2.396187e+05 0.93718240 8.688052
#> 150 7.199101e+02 1.15189799 -183.809077
#> 151 4.827354e+06 8.31776907 229.319920
#> 152 1.648686e+06 2.39546965 34.961241
#> 153 9.336312e+06 13.00318640 260.185026
#> 154 1.171532e+06 8.45546207 198.637456
#> 155 2.341942e+05 0.50171167 249.172247
#> 156 1.000665e+06 5.13606057 166.627961
#> 157 3.447656e+06 6.35011246 189.580966
#> 158 3.491057e+06 16.58537585 118.587958
#> 159 5.814526e+06 7.19393052 273.120446
#> 160 8.783308e+06 10.06168510 238.495720
#> 161 1.444278e+06 9.74519703 194.609171
#> 162 2.053516e+05 3.85802117 255.772296
#> 163 5.034820e+06 7.65253080 55.362885
#> 164 9.111676e+06 5.48145539 187.859335
#> 165 2.240243e+06 2.69584204 251.134659
#> 166 2.650561e+06 7.25360184 260.168615
#> 167 2.114812e+07 14.43818714 116.048167
#> 168 1.122265e+06 6.37656733 190.096279
#> 169 2.768079e+05 6.04236816 133.386570
#> 170 2.082660e+05 4.65211023 228.382158
#> 171 7.582106e+05 8.59150877 196.628455
#> 172 2.137371e+03 1.95061481 22.768642
#> 173 1.647247e+03 0.20447928 -48.098707
#> 174 5.984213e+06 15.95539409 248.250076
#> 175 2.521923e+05 5.60587014 125.179329
#> 176 4.111231e+05 3.08896546 85.222105
#> 177 6.308213e+06 12.89025388 166.576755
#> 178 3.276318e+07 6.60326405 244.392079
#> 179 1.972796e+06 4.45419584 255.715263
#> 180 1.067717e+03 1.23197560 -147.956969
#> 181 2.625023e+06 9.75551964 197.664868
#> 182 2.228060e+06 10.62829966 240.080962
#> 183 2.141253e+03 6.71190984 -52.316382
#> 184 1.536790e+07 18.31279542 74.135955
#> 185 1.617748e+05 0.41399716 230.325692
#> 186 9.185358e+06 9.43351203 259.815946
#> 187 6.946486e+05 5.91334935 177.640414
#> 188 1.872783e+06 1.10626510 252.658570
#> 189 1.127340e+07 8.42043458 143.330440
#> 190 3.806937e+06 3.86776106 107.912733
#> 191 1.369270e+06 8.62246891 250.165125
#> 192 7.613802e+06 6.72034190 246.214167
#> 193 1.685857e+07 13.40133129 248.176684
#> 194 2.824245e+06 9.26020727 174.760707
#> 195 2.431577e+07 8.27619762 259.019096
#> 196 6.241704e+03 0.15269241 -103.498153
#> 197 0.000000e+00 0.33698746 -69.741384
#> 198 2.689151e+06 1.64305302 247.691759
#> 199 6.926619e+05 1.25156974 10.049802
#> 200 5.147053e+04 0.92322549 -11.401765
#> 201 2.392710e+04 0.12692778 251.974338
#> 202 9.888028e+05 4.20722931 86.427411
#> 203 2.333809e+07 19.16640286 171.374877
#> 204 1.409376e+06 0.90085079 255.266383
#> 205 1.991641e+06 7.61696863 260.739092
#> 206 2.472181e+06 4.09897194 52.830710
#> 207 3.375114e+06 20.18775312 235.151466
#> 208 8.980008e+05 1.76731089 260.064581
#> 209 1.107866e+05 3.64268346 258.264992
#> 210 2.950885e+05 3.42028649 257.799284
#> 211 5.322918e+06 28.33079057 124.483109
#> 212 7.279005e+06 10.84887385 252.393816
#> 213 2.138744e+06 6.11103571 134.649371
#> 214 3.054796e+06 5.61606106 185.866951
#> 215 1.176097e+06 2.76098016 253.808919
#> 216 1.611461e+06 1.85113887 243.720603
#> 217 2.975209e+05 3.33847297 20.619985
#> 218 9.370207e+06 8.75959479 182.230952
#> 219 9.181143e+05 3.57692860 155.967782
#> 220 9.266366e+06 14.86818120 194.220294
#> 221 4.463185e+06 9.79370126 178.645365
#> 222 3.395756e+06 4.65684942 150.444801
#> 223 4.061671e+06 7.14523919 244.222453
#> 224 1.467283e+07 14.04731343 192.549746
#> 225 1.224235e+06 1.97330557 29.204917
#> 226 6.159117e+06 5.17362719 262.019689
#> 227 4.270706e+05 6.09945485 85.314929
#> climate_bio15_minimum
#> 1 13
#> 2 25
#> 3 17
#> 4 16
#> 5 31
#> 6 28
#> 7 10
#> 8 5
#> 9 26
#> 10 7
#> 11 17
#> 12 9
#> 13 28
#> 14 15
#> 15 20
#> 16 51
#> 17 25
#> 18 7
#> 19 26
#> 20 16
#> 21 6
#> 22 75
#> 23 42
#> 24 20
#> 25 31
#> 26 79
#> 27 16
#> 28 46
#> 29 15
#> 30 32
#> 31 39
#> 32 34
#> 33 54
#> 34 38
#> 35 42
#> 36 57
#> 37 25
#> 38 7
#> 39 30
#> 40 30
#> 41 26
#> 42 12
#> 43 38
#> 44 36
#> 45 28
#> 46 19
#> 47 22
#> 48 42
#> 49 45
#> 50 11
#> 51 55
#> 52 14
#> 53 17
#> 54 10
#> 55 63
#> 56 7
#> 57 28
#> 58 24
#> 59 36
#> 60 34
#> 61 19
#> 62 12
#> 63 37
#> 64 32
#> 65 11
#> 66 38
#> 67 16
#> 68 92
#> 69 8
#> 70 5
#> 71 10
#> 72 20
#> 73 11
#> 74 21
#> 75 44
#> 76 30
#> 77 13
#> 78 47
#> 79 32
#> 80 9
#> 81 35
#> 82 12
#> 83 21
#> 84 18
#> 85 52
#> 86 52
#> 87 20
#> 88 77
#> 89 52
#> 90 36
#> 91 67
#> 92 52
#> 93 6
#> 94 57
#> 95 38
#> 96 7
#> 97 39
#> 98 7
#> 99 13
#> 100 50
#> 101 13
#> 102 15
#> 103 25
#> 104 59
#> 105 5
#> 106 15
#> 107 44
#> 108 25
#> 109 43
#> 110 81
#> 111 19
#> 112 28
#> 113 46
#> 114 7
#> 115 10
#> 116 21
#> 117 8
#> 118 24
#> 119 34
#> 120 27
#> 121 33
#> 122 15
#> 123 21
#> 124 74
#> 125 11
#> 126 18
#> 127 43
#> 128 7
#> 129 40
#> 130 23
#> 131 9
#> 132 36
#> 133 37
#> 134 7
#> 135 82
#> 136 21
#> 137 21
#> 138 12
#> 139 10
#> 140 30
#> 141 9
#> 142 7
#> 143 21
#> 144 63
#> 145 14
#> 146 4
#> 147 45
#> 148 24
#> 149 9
#> 150 21
#> 151 58
#> 152 4
#> 153 33
#> 154 15
#> 155 15
#> 156 34
#> 157 22
#> 158 46
#> 159 75
#> 160 10
#> 161 22
#> 162 45
#> 163 37
#> 164 40
#> 165 50
#> 166 48
#> 167 12
#> 168 23
#> 169 36
#> 170 63
#> 171 47
#> 172 15
#> 173 20
#> 174 11
#> 175 66
#> 176 50
#> 177 9
#> 178 21
#> 179 46
#> 180 23
#> 181 24
#> 182 71
#> 183 31
#> 184 4
#> 185 17
#> 186 34
#> 187 64
#> 188 27
#> 189 47
#> 190 8
#> 191 26
#> 192 39
#> 193 21
#> 194 34
#> 195 21
#> 196 29
#> 197 15
#> 198 16
#> 199 6
#> 200 22
#> 201 12
#> 202 9
#> 203 54
#> 204 28
#> 205 35
#> 206 42
#> 207 29
#> 208 27
#> 209 46
#> 210 33
#> 211 8
#> 212 40
#> 213 45
#> 214 36
#> 215 28
#> 216 5
#> 217 31
#> 218 6
#> 219 70
#> 220 15
#> 221 21
#> 222 12
#> 223 34
#> 224 88
#> 225 12
#> 226 48
#> 227 30
#on the result of auto_cor
out <- auto_cor(x = plant_richness_df[, 5:21])
#> [auto_cor()]: Removed variables: human_footprint_average, human_population
out <- auto_vif(x = out)
#> [auto_vif()]: Variables are not collinear.
#with pipes
out <- plant_richness_df[, 5:21] %>%
auto_cor() %>%
auto_vif()
#> [auto_cor()]: Removed variables: human_footprint_average, human_population
#> [auto_vif()]: Variables are not collinear.