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Neanderthal Presence and Pseudo-Absence Records with Environmental Predictors

Source: R/neanderthal.R
neanderthal.Rd

sf data frame with POINT geometry containing 245 records of Neanderthal presence and pseudo-absence sites from Marine Isotope Stage 5e (Last Interglacial) in Europe and the Near East, 1 response variable (see neanderthal_response), and 25 predictors (see neanderthal_predictors). Use neanderthal_extra() to download the associated environmental raster.

Usage

data(neanderthal)

Format

An sf data frame with 245 rows (presence and pseudo-absence sites) and 27 columns:

Response variable (1):

  • presence: Binary integer (1 = Neanderthal presence site, 0 = pseudo-absence site).

Predictor variables - Palaeoclimatic (19):

Bioclimatic variables derived from a Last Interglacial GCM simulation (Otto-Bliesner et al. 2006), downscaled following the method of Hijmans et al. (2005). These are analogous to the standard WorldClim bioclimatic variables but represent Last Interglacial (MIS 5e) conditions rather than modern climate:

  • bio1: Annual mean temperature (degrees C).

  • bio2: Mean diurnal range (degrees C).

  • bio3: Isothermality (bio2/bio7 * 100).

  • bio4: Temperature seasonality (standard deviation * 100).

  • bio5: Max temperature of warmest month (degrees C).

  • bio6: Min temperature of coldest month (degrees C).

  • bio7: Temperature annual range (degrees C).

  • bio8: Mean temperature of wettest quarter (degrees C).

  • bio9: Mean temperature of driest quarter (degrees C).

  • bio10: Mean temperature of warmest quarter (degrees C).

  • bio11: Mean temperature of coldest quarter (degrees C).

  • bio12: Annual precipitation (mm).

  • bio13: Precipitation of wettest month (mm).

  • bio14: Precipitation of driest month (mm).

  • bio15: Precipitation seasonality (coefficient of variation).

  • bio16: Precipitation of wettest quarter (mm).

  • bio17: Precipitation of driest quarter (mm).

  • bio18: Precipitation of warmest quarter (mm).

  • bio19: Precipitation of coldest quarter (mm).

Predictor variables - Topography (6):

  • topo_aspect: Aspect in degrees.

  • topo_diversity_local: Local topographic diversity.

  • topo_diversity: Regional topographic diversity.

  • topo_elev: Elevation in meters.

  • topo_slope: Slope in degrees.

  • topo_wetness: Topographic wetness index.

Geometry:

  • geometry: Point geometry (WGS84, EPSG:4326).

Source

Presence data:

  • Benito, B.M., et al. (2017). The ecological niche and distribution of Neanderthals during the Last Interglacial. Journal of Biogeography, 44, 51-61. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12845

Palaeoclimatic variables (GCM simulation):

  • Otto-Bliesner, B.L., Marshall, S.J., Overpeck, J.T., Miller, G.H. & Hu, A. (2006). Simulating arctic climate warmth and icefield retreat in the last interglaciation. Science, 311, 1751-1753.

Palaeoclimatic variables (interpolation):

  • Hijmans, R.J., Cameron, S.E., Parra, J.L., Jones, P.G. & Jarvis, A. (2005). Very high resolution interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas. International Journal of Climatology, 25, 1965-1978.

Elevation and topography:

  • Jarvis, A., Guevara, E., Reuter, H. I., & Nelson, A. D. (2008). Hole-filled SRTM for the globe: version 4, data grid. Web publication/site, CGIAR Consortium for Spatial Information. https://srtm.csi.cgiar.org

See also

Other neanderthal: neanderthal_extra(), neanderthal_predictors, neanderthal_response